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INTERVENTIONAL NEURORADIOLOGY


Compiled by Tomoki Hashimoto, M.D., William L. Young, M.D.
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

1. Anonymous [Joint Officers of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons and the American Association of Neurological Surgeons]: Carotid angioplasty and stent: an alternative to carotid endarterectomy. Neurosurgery 40:344-5, 1997.

2. Cerebral arteriovenous malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22:S10-1, 2001.

3. N -butyl cyanoacrylate embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: results of a prospective, randomized, multi-center trial. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:748-55, 2002.

4. Alessandri C, Bergeron P: Local anesthesia in carotid angioplasty. J Endovasc Surg 3:31-4, 1996.

5. Anson JA, Spetzler RF: Interventional neuroradiology for spinal pathology. Clin Neurosurg 39:388-417, 1992.

6. Armonda RA, Thomas JE, Rosenwasser RH: The interventional neuroradiology suite as an operating room. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:1-20, vii, 2000.

7. Arteriovenous Malformation Study Group: Current Concepts: Arteriovenous malformations of the brain in adults. N Engl J Med 340:1812-1818, 1999.

8. Barnett HJ, Taylor DW, Eliasziw M, Fox AJ, Ferguson GG, Haynes RB, Rankin RN, Clagett GP, Hachinski VC, Sackett DL, Thorpe KE, Meldrum HE: Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med 339:1415-25, 1998.

9. Barr JD: Temporary and permanent occlusion of cerebral arteries: indications and techniques. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:27-38, vii-viii, 2000.

10. Bergeron P, Becquemin JP, Jausseran JM, Biasi G, Cardon JM, Castellani L, Martinez R, Fiorani P, Kniemeyer P: Percutaneous stenting of the internal carotid artery: the European CAST I Study. Carotid Artery Stent Trial. J Endovasc Surg 6:155-9, 1999.

11. Bergeron P, Carrier R, Roy D, Blais N, Raymond J: Radiation doses to patients in neurointerventional procedures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:1809-1812, 1994.

12. Berman MF, Hartmann A, Mast H, Sciacca RR, Mohr J, Pile-Spellman J, Young WL: Determinants of resource utilization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20:2004-8, 1999.

13. Bonaldi G: Angioplasty and stenting of the cervical carotid bifurcation: report of a 4-year series. Neuroradiology 44:164-74, 2002.

14. Bushong SC: Hazards evaluation of neuroangiographic procedures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:1813-1816, 1994.

15. Bustillo MA, Lazar RM, Finck AD, Fitzsimmons B, Berman MF, Pile-Spellman J, Heyer EJ: Dexmedetomidine may impair cognitive testing during endovascular embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a retrospective case report series. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 14:209-12, 2002.

16. Carapiet DA, Stevens JE: Pulmonary embolism following embolization of an arteriovenous malformation. Paediatr Anaesth 6:491-4, 1996.

17. Cellerini M, Mangiafico S, Villa G, Nistri M, Pandolfo C, Noubari H, Ammannati F, Mennonna P, Scollato A, Perrini P, Di Lorenzo N, Giordano GP: Cerebral microarteriovenous malformations: diagnostic and therpeutic features in a series of patients. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:945-52, 2002.

18. Choi IS, Tantivatana J: Neuroendovascular management of intracranial and spinal tumors. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:167-85, x, 2000.

19. Cloft HJ, Samuels OB, Tong FC, Dion JE: Use of abciximab for mediation of thromboembolic complications of endovascular therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 22:1764-7, 2001.

19. del Zoppo GJ, Higashida RT, Furlan AJ, Pessin MS, Rowley HA, Gent M: PROACT: a phase II randomized trial of recombinant pro-urokinase by direct arterial delivery in acute middle cerebral artery stroke. PROACT Investigators. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. Stroke 29:4-11, 1998.

20. Duckwiler G, Dion J, Vinuela F, Jabour B, Martin N, Bentson J: Intravascular microcatheter pressure monitoring: experimental results and early clinical evaluation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 11:169-175, 1990.

21. Eckstein HH, Ringleb P, Dorfler A, Klemm K, Muller BT, Zegelman M, Bardenheuer H, Hacke W, Bruckner T, Sandmann W, Allenberg JR: The Carotid Surgery for Ischemic Stroke trial: a prospective observational study on carotid endarterectomy in the early period after ischemic stroke. J Vasc Surg 36:997-1004, 2002.

22. Ferguson GG, Eliasziw M, Barr HW, Clagett GP, Barnes RW, Wallace MC, Taylor DW, Haynes RB, Finan JW, Hachinski VC, Barnett HJ: The North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial : surgical results in 1415 patients. Stroke 30:1751-8, 1999.

23. Fleetwood IG, Steinberg GK: Arteriovenous malformations. Lancet 359:863-73, 2002.

24. Fogarty-Mack P, Pile-Spellman J, Hacein-Bey L, Osipov A, DeMeritt J, Jackson EC, Young WL: The effect of arteriovenous malformations on the distribution of intracerebral arterial pressures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:1443-1449, 1996.

25. Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, Gent M, Rowley H, Kase C, Pessin M, Ahuja A, Callahan F, Clark WM, Silver F, Rivera F: Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. Jama 282:2003-11, 1999.

26. Furlan AJ, Abou-Chebi A: The role of recombinant pro-urokinase (r-pro-UK) and intra-arterial thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke: the PROACT trials. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. Curr Med Res Opin 18 Suppl 2:s44-7, 2002.

27. Garcia-Monaco R, De Victor D, Mann C, Hannedouche A, Terbrugge K, Lasjaunias P: Congestive cardiac manifestations from cerebrocranial arteriovenous shunts. Endovascular management in 30 children. Childs Nerv Syst 7:48-52, 1991.

28. Goddard AJ, Annesley-Williams D, Gholkar A: Endovascular management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: does outcome justify treatment? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72:485-90, 2002.

29. Gress D: Intraarterial thrombolysis for cerebral infarction: to treat or not to treat, and how? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20:1194-6, 1999.

30. Groden C, Kremer C, Regelsberger J, Hansen HC, Zeumer H: Comparison of operative and endovascular treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms in patients in poor grades. Neuroradiology 43:778-83, 2001.

31. Gruber A, Killer M, Bavinzski G, Richling B: Clinical and angiographic results of endosaccular coiling treatment of giant and very large intracranial aneurysms: a 7-year, single-center experience. Neurosurgery 45:793-803; discussion 803-4, 1999.

32. Gules I, Satoh M, Clower BR, Nanda A, Zhang JH: Comparison of three rat models of cerebral vasospasm. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283:H2551-9, 2002.

33. Gupta DK, Young WL, Hashimoto T, Halim AX, Marshall RS, Lazar RM, Joshi S, Pile-Spellman J, Ostapkovich N: Characterization of the cerebral blood flow response to balloon deflation after temporary internal carotid artery test occlusion. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 14:123-9, 2002.

34. Hacke W, Brott T, Caplan L, Meier D, Fieschi C, von Kummer R, Donnan G, Heiss WD, Wahlgren NG, Spranger M, Boysen G, Marler JR: Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke: controlled trials and clinical experience. Neurology 53:S3-14, 1999.

35. Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Balousek PA, Ciricillo SF, Edwards MS: Endovascular treatment of mural-type vein of Galen malformations. J Neurosurg 89:74-80, 1998.

36. Hartmann A, Pile-Spellman J, Stapf C, Sciacca RR, Faulstich A, Mohr JP, Schumacher HC, Mast H: Risk of endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. Stroke 33:1816-20, 2002.

37. Hashimoto T, Gupta DK, Young WL: Interventional neuroradiology--anesthetic considerations. Anesthesiol Clin North America 20:347-59, vi, 2002.

38. Hashimoto T, Young WL, Aagaard BD, Joshi S, Ostapkovich ND, Pile-Spellman J: Adenosine-induced ventricular asystole to induce transient profound systemic hypotension in patients undergoing endovascular therapy. Dose-response characteristics. Anesthesiology 93:998-9981001, 2000.

39. Hemphill JC, 3rd, Gress DR, Halbach VV: Endovascular therapy of traumatic injuries of the intracranial cerebral arteries. Crit Care Clin 15:811-29, 1999.

40. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Endovascular surgical approach to intracranial vascular diseases. J Endovasc Surg 3:146-57, 1996.

41. Horowitz MB, Jungreis CA, Quisling RG, Pollack I: Vein of Galen aneurysms: a review and current perspective. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:1486-96, 1994.

42. Irie K, Kawanishi M, Kunishio K, Nagao S: The efficacy and safety of transvenous embolisation in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas. J Clin Neurosci 8 Suppl 1:92-6, 2001.

43. Jaeger K, Ruschulte H, Herzog T, Heine J, Leuwer M, Piepenbrock S: Anaesthesiological and criterial care aspects regarding the treatment of patients with arteriovenous malformations in interventional neuroradiology. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 43:102-5, 2000.

44. Johnston SC: Effect of endovascular services and hospital volume on cerebral aneurysm treatment outcomes. Stroke 31:111-7, 2000.

45. Jordan WD, Jr., Voellinger DC, Fisher WS, Redden D, McDowell HA: A comparison of carotid angioplasty with stenting versus endarterectomy with regional anesthesia. J Vasc Surg 28:397-402; discussion 402-3, 1998.

46. Joshi S, Hashimoto T, Ostapkovich N, Pile-Spellman J, Duong DH, Hacien-Bey L, Marshall RS, James DJ, Young WL: Effect of intracarotid papaverine on human cerebral blood flow and vascular resistance during acute hemispheric arterial hypotension. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 13:146-51, 2001.

47. Joshi S, Young WL, Duong H, Aagaard BA, Ostapkovich ND, Connolly ES, Pile-Spellman J: Intracarotid nitroprusside does not augment cerebral blood flow in human subjects. Anesthesiology 96:60-6, 2002.

48. Keller E, Yonekawa Y, Imhof HG, Tanaka M, Valavanis A: Intensive care management of patients with severe intracerebral haemorrhage after endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations. Neuroradiology 44:513-21, 2002.

49. Kerber CW, Wong W: Liquid acrylic adhesive agents in interventional neuroradiology. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:85-99, viii-ix, 2000.

50. Koivisto T, Vanninen E, Vanninen R, Kuikka J, Hernesniemi J, Vapalahti M: Cerebral perfusion before and after endovascular or surgical treatment of acutely ruptured cerebral aneurysms: a 1-year prospective follow-up study. Neurosurgery 51:312-25; discussion 325-6, 2002.

51. Kuwayama N, Takaku A, Endo S, Nishijima M, Kamel T: Radiation exposure in endovascular surgery of the head and neck. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:1801-1808, 1994.

52. Lai YC, Manninen PH: Anesthesia for cerebral aneurysms: a comparison between interventional neuroradiology and surgery. Can J Anaesth 48:391-5, 2001.

53. Lazar RM, Fitzsimmons BF, Marshall RS, Berman MF, Bustillo MA, Young WL, Mohr JP, Shah J, Robinson JV: Reemergence of stroke deficits with midazolam challenge. Stroke 33:283-5, 2002.

54. Lempert TE, Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of ruptured posterior circulation cerebral aneurysms. Clinical and angiographic outcomes. Stroke 31:100-10, 2000.

55. Liu AY, Paulsen RD, Marcellus ML, Steinberg GK, Marks MP: Long-term outcomes after carotid stent placement treatment of carotid artery dissection. Neurosurgery 45:1368-73; discussion 1373-4, 1999.

56. Luginbuhl M, Remonda L: Interventional neuroradiology. Recent developments and anaesthesiologic aspects. Minerva Anestesiol 65:445-54, 1999.

57. Manninen PH, Gignac EM, Gelb AW, Lownie SP: Anesthesia for interventional neuroradiology. J Clin Anesth 7:448-52, 1995.

58. Mariani L, Haldemann AR, Schroth G: Arteriovenous shunt measurement during endovascular therapy for cerebrospinal lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 18:1679-1689, 1997.

59. Markus HS, Clifton A, Buckenham T, Taylor R, Brown MM: Improvement in cerebral hemodynamics after carotid angioplasty. Stroke 27:612-6, 1996.

60. Marshall RS, Lazar RM, Mohr JP, Pile-Spellman J, Hacein-Bey L, Duong DH, Joshi S, Chen X, Levin B, Young WL: Higher cerebral function and hemispheric blood flow during awake carotid artery balloon test occlusions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 66:734-738, 1999.

61. Marshall RS, Lazar RM, Pile-Spellman J, Young WL, Duong DH, Joshi S, Ostapkovich N: Recovery of brain function during induced cerebral hypoperfusion. Brain 124:1208-17, 2001.

62. Marshall RS, Lazar RM, Young WL, Solomon RA, Joshi S, Duong DH, Rundek T, Pile-Spellman J: Clinical utility of quantitative cerebral blood flow measurements during internal carotid artery test occlusions. Neurosurgery 50:996-1004; discussion 1004-5, 2002.

63. Martin NA, Khanna R, Doberstein C, Bentson J: Therapeutic embolization of arteriovenous malformations: the case for and against. Clin Neurosurg 46:295-318, 2000.

64. Massoud TF, Hademenos GJ: Transvenous retrograde nidus sclerotherapy under controlled hypotension (TRENSH): a newly proposed treatment for brain arteriovenous malformations--concepts and rationale. Neurosurgery 45:351-63; discussion 363-5, 1999.

65. Mathis JM, Barr JD, Jungreis CA, Yonas H, Sekhar LN, Vincent D, Pentheny SL, Horton JA: Temporary balloon test occlusion of the internal carotid artery: experience in 500 cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 16:749-54, 1995.

66. Mathur A, Roubin GS, Iyer SS, Piamsonboon C, Liu MW, Gomez CR, Yadav JS, Chastain HD, Fox LM, Dean LS, Vitek JJ: Predictors of stroke complicating carotid artery stenting. Circulation 97:1239-45, 1998.

67. Mawad ME, Cekirge S, Ciceri E, Saatci I: Endovascular treatment of giant and large intracranial aneurysms by using a combination of stent placement and liquid polymer injection. J Neurosurg 96:474-82, 2002.

68. McCabe DJ, Brown MM, Clifton A: Fatal cerebral reperfusion hemorrhage after carotid stenting. Stroke 30:2483-6, 1999.

69. Meyers PM, Thakur GA, Tomsick TA: Temporary endovascular balloon occlusion of the internal carotid artery with a nondetachable silicone balloon catheter: analysis of technique and cost. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20:559-64, 1999.

70. Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Dowd CF, Lawton MT, Lempert TE, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of cerebral artery aneurysms during pregnancy: report of three cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 21:1306-11, 2000.

71. Meyers PM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Malek AM, Lempert TE, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after percutaneous transluminal stenting of the craniocervical arteries. Neurosurgery 47:335-43; discussion 343-5, 2000.

72. Morishima H, Kurata A, Miyasaka Y, Fujii K, Kan S: Efficacy of the stump pressure ratio as a guide to the safety of permanent occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Neurol Res 20:732-6, 1998.

73. Murayama Y, Malisch T, Guglielmi G, Mawad ME, Vinuela F, Duckwiler GR, Gobin YP, Klucznick RP, Martin NA, Frazee J: Incidence of cerebral vasospasm after endovascular treatment of acutely ruptured aneurysms: report on 69 cases. J Neurosurg 87:830-5, 1997.

74. Naylor AR, Bolia A, Abbott RJ, Pye IF, Smith J, Lennard N, Lloyd AJ, London NJ, Bell PR: Randomized study of carotid angioplasty and stenting versus carotid endarterectomy: a stopped trial. J Vasc Surg 28:326-34, 1998.

75. Ng P, Khangure MS, Phatouros CC, Bynevelt M, ApSimon H, McAuliffe W: Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms with Guglielmi detachable coils: analysis of midterm angiographic and clinical outcomes. Stroke 33:210-7, 2002.

76. Oskouian RJ Jr., Martin NA, Lee JH, Glenn TC, Guthrie D, Gonzalez NR, Afari A, Vinuela F: Multimodal quantitation of the effects of endovascular therapy for vasospasm on cerebral blood flow, transcranial doppler ultrasonographic velocities, and cerebral artery diameters. Neurosurgery 51:30-41; discussion 41-3, 2002.

77. Paciaroni M, Eliasziw M, Kappelle LJ, Finan JW, Ferguson GG, Barnett HJ: Medical complications associated with carotid endarterectomy. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET). Stroke 30:1759-63, 1999.

78. Pelz DM, Lownie SP, Fox AJ, Hutton LC: Symptomatic pulmonary complications from liquid acrylate embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 16:19-26, 1995.

79. Philips MF, Bagley LJ, Sinson GP, Raps EC, Galetta SL, Zager EL, Hurst RW: Endovascular thrombolysis for symptomatic cerebral venous thrombosis. J Neurosurg 90:65-71, 1999.

80. Porcellini M, Stassano P, Musumeci A, Bracale G: Intracardiac migration of nitinol TrapEase vena cava filter and paradoxical embolism. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 22:460-1, 2002.

81. Qureshi AI, Luft AR, Janardhan V, Suri MF, Sharma M, Lanzino G, Wakhloo AK, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN: Identification of patients at risk for periprocedural neurological deficits associated with carotid angioplasty and stenting. Stroke 31:376-82, 2000.

82. Qureshi AI, Luft AR, Sharma M, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN: Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic and ischemic complications associated with endovascular procedures: Part I--Pathophysiological and pharmacological features. Neurosurgery 46:1344-59, 2000.

83. Qureshi AI, Luft AR, Sharma M, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN: Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic and ischemic complications associated with endovascular procedures: Part II--Clinical aspects and recommendations. Neurosurgery 46:1360-75; discussion 1375-6, 2000.

84. Qureshi AI, Luft AR, Sharma M, Janardhan V, Lopes DK, Khan J, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN: Frequency and determinants of postprocedural hemodynamic instability after carotid angioplasty and stenting. Stroke 30:2086-93, 1999.

85. Qureshi AI, Suri MF, Khan J, Fessler RD, Guterman LR, Hopkins LN: Abciximab as an adjunct to high-risk carotid or vertebrobasilar angioplasty: preliminary experience. Neurosurgery 46:1316-24; discussion 1324-5, 2000.

86. Raftopoulos C, Mathurin P, Boscherini D, Billa RF, Van Boven M, Hantson P: Prospective analysis of aneurysm treatment in a series of 103 consecutive patients when endovascular embolization is considered the first option. J Neurosurg 93:175-82, 2000.

87. Rauch RA, Vinuela F, Dion J, Duckwiler G, Amos EC, Jordan SE, Martin N, Jensen ME, Bentson J: Preembolization functional evaluation in brain arteriovenous malformations: The ability of superselective amytal test to predict neurologic dysfunction before embolization. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 13:309-314, 1992.

88. Richling B, Killer M: Endovascular management of patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:123-45, ix, 2000.

89. Roberts JT, Pile-Spellman J, Joseph M, Glinski E, Chin J, Hacein-Bey L: A patient with massive oral-facial venous malformation. J Clin Anesth 3:76-79, 1991.

90. Roy D, Milot G, Raymond J: Endovascular treatment of unruptured aneurysms. Stroke 32:1998-2004, 2001.

91. Russell EJ, Goldberg K, Oskin J, Darling C, Melen O: Ocular ischemic syndrome during carotid balloon occlusion testing. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15:258-262, 1994.

92. Saver JL: Intra-arterial thrombolysis. Neurology 57:S58-60, 2001.

93. Schroth G, Lovblad KO, Ozdoba C, Remonda L: Non-traumatic neurological emergencies: emergency neuroradiological interventions. Eur Radiol 12:1648-62, 2002.

94. Sivaguru A, Venables GS, Beard JD, Gaines PA: European carotid angioplasty trial. J Endovasc Surg 3:16-20, 1996.

95. Strother CM: Interventional neuroradiology. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 21:19-24, 2000.

96. Suarez JI, Zaidat OO, Sunshine JL, Tarr R, Selman WR, Landis DM: Endovascular administration after intravenous infusion of thrombolytic agents for the treatment of patients with acute ischemic strokes. Neurosurgery 50:251-9; discussion 259-60, 2002.

97. Tummala RP, Chu RM, Madison MT, Myers M, Tubman D, Nussbaum ES: Outcomes after aneurysm rupture during endovascular coil embolization. Neurosurgery 49:1059-66; discussion 1066-7, 2001.

98. terBrugge KG: Neurointerventional procedures in the pediatric age group. Childs Nerv Syst 15:751-4, 1999.

99. Thomas JE, Armonda RA, Rosenwasser RH: Endosaccular thrombosis of cerebral aneurysms: strategy, indications, and technique. Neurosurg Clin N Am 11:101-21, ix, 2000.

100. Turjman F, Massoud TF, Sayre J, Vinuela F: Predictors of aneurysmal occlusion in the period immediately after endovascular treatment with detachable coils: a multivariate analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19:1645-51, 1998.

101. van Loon J, Waerzeggers Y, Wilms G, Van Calenbergh F, Goffin J, Plets C: Early endovascular treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms in patients in very poor neurological condition. Neurosurgery 50:457-64; discussion 464-5, 2002.

102. Wang LP, Wolff J: Anesthetic management of severe chronic cardiopulmonary failure during endovascular embolization of a PICA aneurysm: a case report. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 12:120-3, 2000.

103. Wanke I, Doerfler A, Dietrich U, Egelhof T, Schoch B, Stolke D, Forsting M: Endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 23:756-61, 2002.

104. Wanke I, Dorfler A, Dietrich U, Aalders T, Forsting M: Combined endovascular therapy of ruptured aneurysms and cerebral vasospasm. Neuroradiology 42:926-9, 2000.

105. Wardlaw JM: Overview of Cochrane thrombolysis meta-analysis. Neurology 57:S69-76, 2001.

106. Wikholm G, Lundqvist C, Svendsen P: The Goteborg cohort of embolized cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a 6-year follow-up. Neurosurgery 49:799-805; discussion 805-6, 2001.

107. Young WL, Pile-Spellman J: Anesthetic considerations for interventional neuroradiology (Review). Anesthesiology 80:427-456, 1994.

108. Young WL, Pile-Spellman J, Hacein-Bey L, Joshi S: Invasive neuroradiologic procedures for cerebrovascular abnormalities: Anesthetic considerations. Anesthesiol Clin N Am 15(3):631-653, 1997.

109. Zaugg M, Lachat ML, Pfammatter T, Cathomas G, Schmid ER: Sudden respiratory arrest resulting from brainstem embolism in a patient undergoing endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Anesth Analg 92:335-7, 2001.


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